Thomas S. Dickinson, FITS Faculty Coordinator
Most of us who are experienced instructors at the collegiate level are forward focused. We are concerned with where our students will be once they complete our courses and leave our tree-shaded environment for other worlds. We think about the skills we have taught and want them to take with them, the literature that we have read together and the promise that they too will find joy in the written word. We are future focused because we are continually working toward our goals, both for our students and for ourselves.
But while we are future focused there is a beginning reality that all of us must address: how do we plan our pathways to the future we desire. Course design is a highly idiosyncratic process involving an instructor’s background knowledge, their values and beliefs about that knowledge, the purposes they want their students to put their new-found knowledge to, and literally a thousand other concerns. However, good course design is generally composed of four distinct parts: content knowledge, skills and abilities that students will acquire, the audience for the course, and time.
These four general components of course design are also interwoven together; no one element exists unto itself. Each component interacts with the other three components and in turn, is influenced by them as well. These four general components are situated, in today’s classroom, around the technology tool of a learning management system (LMS). Learning management systems, such as Moodle, provide a tool for the delivery of the course content, a vehicle to help shape student skills and abilities, a structure for student learners to use, and a means to extend classroom time.

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The synergy between content knowledge, skills and abilities, audience and time
Instructors at this level have a profound task in front of them; with so much information available, with so much knowledge that instructors have amassed through patient study, reading, and research (in addition to the years of course preparation), it becomes overwhelming at times to decide what to leave in and what to leave out. At this point, instructors often step back and assess the content knowledge they want to focus upon in relation to the other three general course components (skills and abilities, audience and time).
For example, an instructor may have a first-year introductory course which would heavily influence the scope of what might be possible to deal with in relation to content. As well, an instructor might also consider if these first-year students have any prior exposure to this content area or if this will be their first formal study of this content.
All of the four general course components will make their own demands and the give-and-take between and among these features is what makes each course design unique. Even within a single discipline, in a multi-section offering, individual instructors have wide latitude within these four design components. What is most pertinent today is that in addition to this synergy between and among the four general course components there is another element to be considered: the tools of the learning management system.
Learning management systems: A tools approach
Learning management systems are not a core component to the four general course components of content knowledge, skills and abilities, audience and time. Instead, they are tools to help individual instructors more appropriately manage their teaching and student learning. For example, while none of us are Dr. Who and can manipulate time, we can extend the time outside of the classroom through our use of forum discussions, student blogs, or collaborative wikis. Just as a classroom contains a range of teaching tools–chalkboards, overhead projectors, and moveable desks that could be arranged into discussion groups–a learning management system (i.e., medium) operates in similar fashion. The components of a learning management system should be viewed as individual tools (i.e., forums, blogs, wikis, etc.), within a medium (Moodle, for example) that extend our opportunities for teaching and learning. Further, and in particular with Moodle, these tools provide us with myriad means of feedback—on individual course journals, through pre-structured comments on quizzes, or elaboration of a concept on a class discussion forum.
Linking general course design components and learning management systems
One of the truly visionary elements of a learning management system is that individual instructors can use as much or as little as they need. There is, in other words, no prescribed amount of a learning management system to use; it is totally dependent on an instructor’s vision of their course and the four general course design components.
During your initial planning for a new course next semester or a major or minor revision on a long-taught course, these elements are available to you in whatever combination you see fit. That is, after all, what makes conceptualizing a course such an individual and forward-focused exercise.